Finance

Occupancy rate: what it is and how to calculate it

Occupancy rate is the percentage of nights actually booked compared to total available nights in a period. It's one of the three fundamental revenue management metrics in short-term rentals, alongside ADR and RevPAR, and indicates how effectively an accommodation is sold on the market.

Primary keyword
occupancy rate short-term rentals
Monthly search volume
~320

Full definition

The formula is simple: occupancy rate = (booked nights / available nights) × 100. 'Available nights' means nights when the accommodation is actually on the market, excluding voluntary blocks (maintenance, personal use, host holidays). Calculation can be monthly, quarterly, or annual; the annual value is most significant for benchmarking. It's important to distinguish 'adjusted' occupancy (net of blocks) from 'raw' (on full calendar): the first is more representative of commercial performance, the second of total asset utilization.

How it works

Occupancy is measured continuously from the channel manager or PMS: each confirmed booking increases sold nights, each cancellation reduces them. Most software provides automatic dashboards. The property manager mainly monitors trend (stable/growing/declining occupancy) and comparison with zone benchmarks. Low occupancy in high season signals overpricing or weak listing; high occupancy in low season signals under-pricing (below market value).

Practical example

A Bologna apartment in 2025 had: 287 nights booked, 365 nights available (no personal blocks), 78 voluntary block nights. Raw occupancy: 287/365 = 78.6%. Adjusted occupancy: 287/(365-78) = 287/287 = 100% (all actually available nights were sold). Adjusted value suggests the owner could raise prices without occupancy loss.

📊 Key data point

Italian 2026 average benchmark for tourist-city apartments is 65-72% adjusted occupancy; in non-tourist cities it drops to 45-55%. Above 80% adjusted is excellent.

Frequently asked question

Is high occupancy with low prices better than medium occupancy with high prices?

The right metric isn't isolated occupancy, but RevPAR (occupancy × ADR). Typically the optimal point is 70-80% adjusted occupancy: below, there's probable product under-pricing; above, also under-pricing because the market would pay more without losing bookings. To test it, raise prices by 10% and observe occupancy effect: if it drops less than 5%, RevPAR improved and you should keep the price; if it drops 10%+, return to original price.